Texas Sharpshooter Fallacy
quote
Defining a hypothesis up front helps to avoid the Texas sharpshooter fallacy. This model is named after a joke about a person who comes upon a barn with targets drawn on the side and bullet holes in the middle of each target. He is amazed at the shooter's accuracy, only to find that the targets were drawn around the bullet holes after the shots were fired.
From
Chapter:
Lies, Damned Lies, and Statistics
Section:
To Believe Or Not Believe